老年脑血管疾病患者医院感染临床分析

Analysis on Nosocomial Infection in Aged Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease

目的 探讨老年脑血管疾病住院患者医院感染（NI）的，临床特点，分析引起NI的危险因素，寻找控制NI的措施。方法 对2004年11月-2005年9月90例老年脑血管疾病住院患者NI情况进行前瞻性和回顾性调查分析。结果 NI 18例，感染发病率20．00％；NI26例次，例次发病率28．89％。感染以脑梗死患者为多，构成比占72．22％。感染部位分布以上、下呼吸道最常见，分别占26．92％和42．31％。患者原发病、侵入性操作、病区空气洁净度、住院时间、年龄、抗生素应用等是引起NI的主要危险因素。结论 老年脑血管疾病患者NI发病率较高，针对主要危险因素进行综合管理，提高医护质量，合理用药，一定能降低NI的发病率。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristic, to evaluate the risk factors for nosocomial infection（NI） and to find out the preventing measures in aged patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Methods A prospective and retrospective study was carried out to investigate the clinical data of 90 aged patients with cerebrovascular diseases during the period from Nov. 2004 to Sept. 2005. Results A total of 18 cases suffered from NI, the incidence and case incidence of NI were 20% and 28. 89% , respectively. The infection occurred mainly in patients with cerebral infarction （72.22%）. Upper and lower respiratory tract infection was the most common infection, which reached 26. 92% and 42.31% respectively. The risk factors involving NI was closely related with patients＇ aged, the type of disease, management of patient , duration of hospitalization , use of antibiotics. Conclusion The infection rate of these patients was higher. The preventing measures included the management of these patients, supportive treatment, correct use of antibiotics.