残肢与接受腔的三维有限元动态分析

Three Dimensional Finite Dynamic Analysis of the Residual Limb and Prosthetic Socket

以小腿残肢为研究对象,建立了残肢与接受腔三维有限元模型.根据行走过程中残肢与接受腔的动态边界条件,对残肢在一个步态周期内的5个典型步态时相进行了动态受力分析.结果表明,残肢的受力主要分布在髌韧带、胫骨内突、胫骨前脊、胫骨远端、腓骨头及腓骨远端.有限元动态分析较精确地分析了残肢在行走中的受力情况,克服了静态分析不能模拟残肢随步态变化的受力情况的局限性,为假肢接受腔的优化提供了科学的设计依据.

Taking a transtibial residual limb as object, three dimensional finite element （FE） models of the residual limb and prosthetic socket were constructed. According to the dynamic boundary conditions during walking, the corresponding mechanical analysis was performed for five typical phases in a gait cycle of the residual limb. The result indicates that the patellar tendon, lateral femoral condyle, tibia crest, tibia end, fibular head and fibular end are primarily stressed. The dynamic analysis accurately describes the stress distribution over the residual limb during the walking period, and breaks the limitation in static analysis where the dynamic stresses in the residual limb with changed gait posture are unable to simulate, which provides a scientific basis for the prosthetic socket optimal design.