从单向到多元控制——村庄多重权力运作中的博弈困境及路径选择

Multiple Games: Analysis on Interaction between Village Authorities from a new perspective

村民自治制度实质上就是农村权力领域的民主化制度创新,即打破村庄场域内原有的权力格局,导入一种自下而上的民主权力。而在权力格局打破和重塑的过程中,各权力主体在作用于共同对象——村庄公共事务时,因尚未形成各自独立的、合理的、规范的、成熟的权力运作途径,使得权威基础和效用目标皆不同的多重权力在单一的渠道内输送,从而导致了不同利益主体和组织形态之间的冲突与多重博弈,即乡镇政府与村委会之间的博弈、村委会与村党支部之间的博弈、乡镇政府与村党支部之间的博弈。基于此,以制度变迁作为分析框架,以博弈论作为基本分析工具,深入探究各自的博弈过程与博弈策略,推导出可能出现的博弈困境,并提出相应的路径选择。

In essence, The villagers＇ autonomous system is a democratized system innovation in rural governing. This kind of democratized government is carried out in the pattern of ＂township Leading, village self-management＂,in the process of government transition, the benefit captures between real beneficiary and potential beneficiary in the reality evolve into multiple games between the divergent interest main bodies and organizations,namely between villages and towns government,between villagers committee and party branch, between towns government and village party branch. Taking system transition as analyzing framework and using the Theory of Game as a basic tool, the author deeply analyzes each game process and strategic choice, infers various possible game dilemmas, and outs forward relative guiding countermeasures.