3种酰胺类除草剂与尿素混用的效应及安全性评价

Application studies and safety evaluation on three amides herbicides and their mixture with urea

通过田间小区对比试验和盆栽试验研究了3种酰胺类除草剂丁草胺、乙草胺、异丙甲草胺单用及与尿素混用对除草剂药效、尿素肥效和水稻产量性状的影响。结果表明,这3种酰胺类除草剂与尿素混用对稻田各类杂草的株防效、鲜重防效都略高于除草剂单用。对水稻的生长表现为“前控后促”的趋势,水稻收获时的各项经济性状指标都优于除草剂单用,可以提高水稻的安全性和氮素的吸收利用率,且在一定程度上延缓了尿素在土壤中的释放及延长了农药的持效期。

The effect of effectiveness in field of herbicides, fertilizer efficiency and the utilization ratio of nitrogen of the ure- a, security and agricultural properties of the rice were studied when three amides herbicides of butachlor,metolachlor and acetochlor were combined with urea through plot experiment and demonstration experimental small areas as well as laboratory analysis determination in the paper respectively. The results showed that three amides herbicides were combined with urea in the plot experiment might be excellent weed control for as its stable and entirely weed- killing performance. During the rice - growing period, the total weed- killing percentage was stable over 85 % and 90 % in fresh weight. The mixtures could inhibit abovegrowth in seedling stage and stimulate rice growth during adult addition, all agricultural properties of the rice are higher obviously while reaping, the rice yield increase 13.9 % , 11.4 % and 10.5 % re parately. The utilization ratio of nitrogen of the urea increase 3.2% ,6.2% and 2.2%. Further more the herbicides mixed with wea delayed trend the release time in the soil of urea and the residual effects period of herbicides more than 50 days.