硬粒小麦—节节麦人工合成小麦的鉴定和利用

Appraisal and Breeding Utilization of Syndeme Developed by CIMMYT with Durum Wheat and Aegilops tauschii

对从C IMM YT引进的99份硬粒小麦—节节麦人工合成小麦通过抗锈性和农艺性状的鉴定,筛选出21份对条锈病高抗至免疫的材料;利用SDS-PAGE电泳技术对99份材料的HMW-G S组成进行了分析,筛选出8份携带1.5+10特异优质亚基和1份携带5+12亚基的合成小麦;利用筛选的抗锈、优质合成小麦与普通小麦组配正交、回交组合,不存在远缘不育现象,虽然较对照宁春4号熟期略晚,但其籽粒全为角质;对其中两个组合的F6代1 250个单株进行SDS-PAGE后发现,有64份含有1.5+10亚基,3份含有5+12亚基。作者分析认为,合成小麦的鉴定和育种应用,必将极大地丰富小麦种质资源,为培育丰产、优质、抗逆的新品系奠定基础。

The stripe-rust resistance and agricultural characters appraised to 99 Synthesis Hexaploid Wheat （Syndeme in short） developed by CIMMYT with durum wheat and Aegilops tauschii, and selected out 21 materials resisting the stripe rust. Analyzing the HMW-C-S compositions of these 99 Syndeme by SDS-PAGE technique, we screened out 8 Syndemes which contented the novel subunit 1.5＋10, and 1 syndeme which contented the novel subunit 5＋ 12. The Syndemes containing subunit 1.5＋10 were used to cross with common wheats and their seed formation took place normally. The ripe period of hybrid offsplngs were often later than Ningchun4, but all of their kernels are vitreous. Analyzing the HMW-GS compositions of 1250 F6 stable lines, we screened out 64 lines contenting subunit 1.5＋10, 3 lines contenting subunit 5＋ 12. Appraial and breeding utilization of Syndemes would abundance the wheat idioplasm resource, and laid a foundation for breeding fertility, high quality and resistance new variety.