茭白孕茭前后植株叶片和叶鞘器官中游离氨基酸和总糖含量的变化

Changes in the Nutrient-component Contents of Water Bamboo,Zizania caduciflora(L.)before and during the Inflation Stage

试验比较了“河姆渡”双季茭在孕茭前和膨大期植株叶片和叶鞘中营养成分的变化。结果表明：(1)膨大期茭白叶鞘和叶片内的总糖含量分别比孕茭前显著增加99．07%和123．79%(P＜0．05)；(2)膨大期,叶鞘内总糖的含量显著大于叶片中总糖的含量,增加达18．1%(P＜0．05)；(3)孕茭前和膨大期相比．茭白叶片内游离氨基酸的组成和含量无显著差异；但叶鞘内游离氨基酸的组成和含量却差异显著(P＜0．05),氨基酸总量提高了127．8%；(4)膨大期与孕茭前相比,叶鞘中有6种氨基酸的含量增幅最大,依次是：谷氨酸(Glu；610．0%)＞甘氨酸(Gly；303．6%)＞丙氨酸(Ala；228．7%)＞赖氨酸(Lys；207．2%)＞丝氨酸(Ser；203．7%)＞天门冬氨酸(Asp；172．0%)；其中,丝氨酸含量最高,孕茭前和膨大期分别占氨基酸总量的34．81%和46．42%；(5)膨大期与孕茭前相比,叶片和叶鞘中脯氨酸(Pro)、精氨酸(Arg)和亮氨酸(Leu)含量均有明显降低。

The changes in nutrient-component of water bamboo （cv. Hemudu; two-growing seasons）, Zizania caduciflora （L.） were studied. The results showed that： （1） Contrast to water bamboo, Z. caduciflora before inflation stage, significant increases were found in total sugar of leaves （99.07%） and of sheathes （123.79%） during inflation stage （P〈0.05）. （2） During inflation stage, total-sugar content of sheathes was higher （above 18.1%） than that of leaves （P〈0.05）. （3）No significant differences were shown in the nutrient component and content of the soluble amino acids for leaves of water bamboo, Z. caduciflora between the two sampling dates （i.e. before inflation stage and during inflation stage）, but significant differences for sheathes with 127.8% increase in total soluble amino acids for water bamboo during inflation stage compared with that before inflation stage. （4）There were six species of soluble amino acids in sheathes obviously increased from the period before inflation stage to the period during the inflation stage, i.e. Glu （610.0%）〉Gly （303.6%）〉Ala （228.7%）〉Lys （207.2%）〉Ser （203.7%）〉Asp （172.0%）. Moreover, the percent of Ser was most in the total soluble amino acids of sheathes before inflation stage （34.81%） and during inflation stage （46.42%）. （5）Three species of soluble amino acids, i.e. Pro, Arg and Leu in the leaves and sheathes overly decreased from the period before inflation stage to the period during the inflation stage.