化学品贮罐火灾爆炸模拟评价方法的研究及软件开发

The research and the software development on simulation assessment method for chemical tank's fire & explosion

大多数危险化学品都具有火灾爆炸危险特性,尤其是化学品贮罐,一旦发生泄漏事故,遇到火源,极有可能发生灾难性的火灾爆炸事故。研究火灾的发生、发展规律,预测其危险性是有效预防和扑灭贮罐火灾爆炸的关键。应用计算机来模拟评价危险化学品贮罐火灾爆炸事故的后果及其对环境的影响已成为更为可行的手段。针对化学品贮罐的危险特性,研究了贮罐火灾爆炸模拟评价的方法,并据此开发一种化学品贮罐火灾爆炸模拟评价软件。软件系统主要由贮罐重大危险源辨识系统、火灾爆炸模拟评价系统和后台数据库系统等3个子系统组成。应用表明,本软件可进行重大危险源辨识和快速分级,能够对每种事故伤害模型的后果(危险区域范围、人员伤亡和经济损失等)进行定量的模拟计算和定性的等级划分。

To study the ponderanee of the hazards is a key problem of preventing and controlling the accident efficiently. With the help of computer technology, it is feasible to simulate the process of hazardous chemical tanks and the impact on environment. Aiming at the characteristics of fire ＆ explosion of chemical tank, the mathematical stimulation model corresponding to each accident damage model is selected on the basis of analyzing and summarizing lots of danger models of fire and explosion occurred. A software about simulation evaluation on fire ＆ explosion of chemical tank is developed. The functions, framework and development of the system are introduced. The software can judge if a serials of tanks are major hazards. With the use of the system, accident results including hazardous area, human injured and economical losses are quantitatively calculated and quantifieationally divided into grades. Some rules in fire and explosion accidents can be got by comparing and analyzing between several simulation results groups. It makes the risk assessment work run in a computer software way. As a result, the accuracy and efficiency of risk assessment work are enhanced and the evaluation resuits become more objective and scientific.