管道测压系统频率响应研究

Research on frequency response of tube pressure measurement system

准确测量模型表面的脉动压力对于研究建筑物表面风荷载具有重要的意义。在实验室中通常采用管道系统和传感器对物体表面压力进行测量。然而,模型表面的压力信号通过管道系统后会在幅值和相位两方面发生畸变。在管路系统中加限流器能在很大程度上改善管路系统的频率响应特性。笔者应用Tijdeman的管道频率响应理论进行了不同管子和限流器尺寸参数组合的计算,并且进行了系统的对比实验。结果表明:计算和实验结果符合良好,文中进而讨论了有关参数对管路系统频率响应特性的影响。结果对如何正确测量建筑物表面脉动压力提供了一种有效的方法。

Measurement of fluctuating pressure on the surface of model plays an important role in studying wind loading on buildings and structures. The pressure measurement of surface usually uses tube system in lab. However, distortion both in amplitude and in phase may happen during dynamic pressure signal propagating in a tube. It is proved that the frequency response could be much improved by using restrictor in tube system. In this paper, the frequency responses of tube systems with different length of tubes and the positions of restrictor were calculated using Tijdeman theory. The corresponding experiments of frequency response of the tube systems were also conducted. The results show good agreement between the calculation and the experiments. It is an effective method to obtain more accurate fluctuating pressure on the surface of buildings and structures in wind tunnel test.