整形美容手术患者心理特征与护理干预

Psychological traits and nursing intervention of patients with orthopedics

目的了解整形美容手术患者心理特征及其影响因素。方法应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)及影响因素调查表,对整形美容手术患者(200例)和普通门诊手术患者(210例)进行评估及对比分析。结果整形美容手术患者SAS均分值及阳性率均明显高于普通门诊手术患者(P<0.01);影响因素主要为:疾病影响自我形象、疾病影响自尊、身体缺陷导致丧失自尊、担心治疗效果、社会支持不足。结论整形美容手术患者比普通门诊手术患者存在更多的生理、心理和社会问题,导致较严重的焦虑反应,针对性的情感支持及个性化的护理干预应作为该组人群围手术期综合治疗的重要组成部分。

Objective To explore the psychological traits and related factors of patients with orthopedics. Methods 200 patients with orthopedics and 210 patients with ordinary outpatient operation were investigated by Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Influencing Factor Questionnaire. The resuits of two group were evaluated and compared. Results The average score and positive rate of SAS of patients with orthopedics was higher than those of patients with ordinary outpatient operation （P 〈0.01 ）. The main related-factors were worrying about self-image and self-esteem, physical disfigurement （caused by injured body）, worrying about the effect of treatment and lacking of social support. Conclusions Compared with the patients with ordinary outpatient operation, more physical, mental and social problems exit in patients with orthopedics, which may cause serious anxiety. Individual emotional support and nursing intervention should be emphasized on during peri-operative period.