牛胚胎体外生产与早期胚胎发育的探讨

Discussion on in vitro production(IVP) and development of bovine early embryos

试验对牛胚胎体外生产技术中的体外受精液、精卵共育时间、血清和培乔液等影响早期胚胎体外发育的因素进行了研究。以BO（Brackett ＆ Oliphant）和BM（BO：成熟培养液=3：2）作为受精液，受精卵的囊胚发育率分别为26．0％和15．0％；精卵共育时间以9-12h为宜；受精卵在含血清FBS或OCS培养液中的专胚发育率分别为26．4％或29．9％，明显高于在无血清培养基中的囊胚发育率（10．3％）；TCMl99、mBECMaa、mSOFaa3种胚胎培养液均能支持受精卵的体外发育，在其中培养受精卵囊胚发育率分别为18．O％、30．7％和29．2％。试验结果表明：精卵于BM受精液中共育9～12h后，将假定受精卵置于添加5％OCS的mBECMaa或mSOFaa培养液中培养，能显著提高体外生产胚胎的囊胚发育率。

The aim of these experiments was to investigate the effect of fertilization medium, co-incubation of oocyte-sperm, serum and embryo culture medium on in vitro production of embryos（IVP）. The results indicated that oocytes fertilized in BM （BO： TCMI99 = 3：2 ） medium had significantly higher blastocyst formation rate（26. 0% ）than that in BO medium（15.0 %）. Co-incubation of oocyte-sperm for 9-12 h was better than any other time. Presumptive zygotes were cultured in mSOFaa medium supplemented with OCS （ oestrus cow serum） or FBS had higher blastocyte yield （26.4%, 29. 9% ） than that in culture medium with free serum （ 10.3% ）. MSOFaa , mBECMaa , and TCMI99 medium all could support early fertilized embryo developing to blas- tocyte stage in vitro （29.2%, 30. 7% vs. 18.0% ）. The results showed that it was a proper system for IVP that presumptive zygotes were cultured in mSOFaa or mBECMaa with 5% OCS after oocyte-sperm co-incubation for 9 to 12 h in BM media.