我国侵权责任免责事由的缺陷及完善

On the Defect and Perfection of the Exemption Excuses of Tort Liability

在我国的一些单行法中,关于免责事由的规定存在明显的不合理、不公平的现象,从而损害了受害人的利益。因此,侵权责任免责事由的规定应该与侵权行为的类型化紧密的联系起来,并借鉴英美法系国家的规定,根据利益平衡的实际需要针对不同类型的侵权行为规定各自的免责事由。

Rules on exemption excuses in some single laws have resulted in shapely unreasonable and unfair phenomena, thus harmed the benefit of victims. Therefore, rules of the exemption excuses in tort law should be tightly connected with the categerization of tortuous conducts. Learning from the rules of the common law system on this question, we should set respective exemption excuses to different types of tortuous conducts according to the practical need of benefit balance.