对生命“有限”性超越的哲学思考

A Philosophical Reflect on the Trnascending of Limited Life

在有限的生命存在中,人何以超越其生命的有限性,中外古典哲学家对这一问题的思考稍有不同。西方哲学家是通过否定人的有限存在来寻求对生命有限性超越的解决,而中国古代哲学家则是从承认人的有限存在,并在人的有限性存在中寻求对这一问题的解决。就儒家和道家而言,其对这一问题的解决也存在一些差异。儒家走的是“有为”式的超越之路,而道家走的是“无为”式的超越之路。事实上,对生命有限性的超越最终是一种价值的超越。这种价值的超越既可以是一种个体的行为,也可以是一种群体的行为,在今天仍有思考意义。

How do human beings transcend their life limit during their limited life existence？ Western and Oriental ancient philosophers have a slightly different reflect on this problem. The Western philosophers sought to solve this problem by denial of the life limit of human beings, while Chinese ancient philosophers did it by admitting the limited existence of human beings and looking for the solutions within the limit. As far as Confucianism and Taoism are concerned, they also have a different solution on this problem. Confucianism transcended the limited existence of life by way of ＂action＂, while Taoism solution was by way of inaction. In fact, the transcending of life limit, ultimately, is a transcending of value. Such a transcending can be the behavior of an individual, and it can also be the behavior of a colony, h is still of high significance for us to reflect and solve this problem today.