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水通道:从结构到功能 被引量:6

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摘要 自1966年证实脂质双分子层能够通透水分子以来,被动扩散一直被认为是水通透生物膜结构的惟一方式。然而在一些水代谢旺盛的组织中,水穿透细胞膜的速度明显高于经过脂质双分子层被动扩散的速度,这一现象暗示了水分子高速转运形式的存在。1991年,Agre等第一次证明了水通道的存在,确认了其通透水分子的功能,并将其发现的通道命名为水通道蛋白-1(AQP1)。由于水通道的发现解答了生理学领域中一个悬而未决的难题,Peter Agre被授予2003年诺贝尔化学奖。迄今为止,共有200余种水通道蛋白在不同物种中被发现,其中至少13种水通道亚型存在于哺乳动物体内(表1)。水通道蛋白在机体水平衡和内稳态的维持中发挥重要作用。水通道蛋白的发现,无疑开辟了水分子转运研究的新领域,并为基础研究、药物研发提供了新方向。
出处 《中华医学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第25期1794-1798,共5页 National Medical Journal of China
基金 国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270426 30470543) 北京市自然科学基金资助项目(7032026 7051004)
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参考文献46

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二级参考文献24

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