南京城区儿童慢性鼻-鼻窦炎流行病学调查

The epidemic survey of children chronic rhinosinusitis in Nanjing

目的：了解南京城区儿童慢性鼻-鼻窦炎流行病学特征。方法：2004年3月至9月，用“南京市儿童呼吸道疾病问卷调查表”对随机选择南京市7所小学三年级学生（9～10岁）进行问卷调查。根据诊断标准对问卷中有相关症状者，由专科医师进行集中检查予以确诊，将结果进行统计学处理。结果：共计发放问卷调查表l087份，回收989份，应答率9l％，有效答卷942份。南京市9至10岁儿童慢性鼻-鼻窦炎现患率为8．8％（83／942），其中男9．1％（44／484），女8．5％（39／458），男、女发病率无统计学差异（x^2=0．097，P〉0．05）。症状中鼻塞占29．0％（273／942），流鼻涕占31．5％（297／942），头痛头昏占18．2％（171／942）。83例慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患儿中，有鼻塞者54例（65．1％）；流涕者55例（66．3％）；头痛者36例（43．4％）。儿童慢性鼻-鼻窦炎对睡眠状态、性格、记忆的影响等差异有显著性统计学意义（P均=0．000）。结论：慢性鼻-鼻窦炎是儿童的常见病，其发生率为8．8％，对儿童相关的生活质量有一定影响。

Objective ：To investigate the epidemic features of children chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS） in Nanjing city, China. Methods ： A questionnaire survey on CRS and airway diseases was conducted among 1 087 elementary school children, aged from 9 to 10, of seven schools in Nanjing city by random cluster sampling, in March to September, 2004. The survey included screening suspects of CRS by filling up the questionnaires by their parents and then special examination for accurate diagnosis. The results were dealt with statistics. Results：Nine hundred and eighty-nine questionnaires were returned. The response rate was 91% and 942 questionnaires were available. The prevalence rate of CRS of children aged from 9 to 10 was 8.8% （83/942） in Nanjing city, the difference of prevalence between female （ 8.5 %, 39/458 ） and male （ 9.1% ,44/484） was statistically insignificant （ x^2 = 0.097, P 〉 0.05 ）. The major symptoms of 83 objects with CRS, were nasal blockage （65.1% ,54/83） , rhinorrhea （66.3% 55/83）, and headache （43.4% ,36/83 ）. The effects of CRS on life quality had statistically profound significance in children sleep, character and memory （all P = 0. 000 ）. Conclusion： The prevalence rate of CRS of children aged from 9 to 10 in Nanjing city is 8.8%. CRS can affect daily life of children.