小偃22幼胚体细胞胚性无性系的诱导

Embryogenic somaclones induction derived from immature embryos in Xiaoyan 22

采用田间取样和室内培养的方法，研究了不同幼胚发育时期、盾片接种方式和状态、4C预处理时间对小偃22幼胚体细胞胚性无性系诱导的影响。结果表明：（1）小偃22未成熟种子长度占颖壳长度比例为60％～80％时，幼胚处于半透明向淡黄色过渡状态，其愈伤组织诱导率达到95％以上，胚性愈伤组织诱导率达到46．1％～49．4％，此时是幼胚最佳培养时期。（2）未成熟籽粒在4℃冰箱保湿保存3d内可陆续接种，幼胚愈伤组织诱导率在95％以上，胚性愈伤组织发生率达到34％～50％，接种时应使盾片向上并保持完整状态。

As an experiment material,Xiaoyan 22 was taken from field and cultured in the greenhouse to study inoculation methods and scutella state of Xiaoyan 22 immatured embryos of different embryo sizes at 4 C treatment time. The results showed：（1） When young seed length/grain husk was from 60 percent to 80 percent,the immatured embryo was in a period of transition from semi-transparent to light yellow. The frequency of callus induction was above 95.6 percent. The frequency of embryonic callus induction was from 46.1 percent to 49.4 percent. The phase is just the time to culture immature embryos. （2） Young seeds were preserved at 4 ℃ refrigerator with plastic film and inoculated within three days for alleviating the induction tension. The frequency of callus induction of immature embryos was above 95 percent. The frequency of embryonic induction was from 34 percent to 50 percent, when the scutellas were inoculated on the cuh：ure medium,they were maintained up and full.