历史进步论探析——兼论唯物史观对思辨历史哲学的超越

Research on the Issue of Historical Progress

历史进步论是近代西方历史哲学的重要观点,是历史研究试图科学化的努力。作为思辨历史哲学代表的文明形态史观却把宗教当作历史进步的尺度,并且与目的论和宿命论联系起来,受到批判历史哲学的质疑和批评。唯物史观把社会发展建立在自然历史过程的基础上,超越了历史研究中的思辨因素和唯心成分。

The issue of historical progress is one of the most important points in modem western hisorical philosophy and an effort of scientific study of history. It is questioned and criticized by critical historical philosophy that, as the representation of speculative philosophy of history, the historiography of civilization formation views religion as the measure of historical progress and relates it to teleology and fatalism. By establishing social development on the natural - historical procession, materialist conception of history goes beyond the speculative and ideal elements in the study of history.