摘要
以人２８Ｓ、１８ＳｒＤＮＡ为探针，用１５种限制性内切酶构建了猕猴属６个种（Ｍ．ｍｕｌａｔｔａ、Ｍ．ｆａｃｓｉｃｕｌａｒｉｓ、Ｍ．ａｒｃｔｏｉｄｅｓ、Ｍ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ、Ｍ．ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎａ、Ｍ．ｎｅｍｅｓｔｒｉｎａ）和滇金丝猴（Ｒｈｉｎｏｐｉｔｈｅｃｕｓｂｉｅｔｉ）、白颊长臂猿（Ｈｙｌｏｂａｔｅｓｌｅｕｃｏｇｅｎｙｓ）核糖体ＤＮＡ重复单位的限制性内切酶图谱。红面猴（Ｍ．ａｒｃｔｏｉｄｅｓ）与熊猴（Ｍ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ）拥有完全相同的限制性内切酶图谱。基于内切酶图谱得到了６８个信息位点并计算了各种ｒＤＮＡ重复型间的遗传距离。用ＰＨＹＬＩＰｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ３．５ｃ软件包中的ＮＥＩＧＨＢＯＲ和ＲＥＳＴＭＬ程序，以滇金丝猴和白颊长臂猿为外群，构建了ＮＪ树和最大似然树。两棵树的拓扑结构不完全一致，但恒河猴（Ｍ．ｍｕｌａｔｔａ）和食蟹猴（Ｍ，ｆａｃｓｉｃｕｌａｒｉｓ）总是位于树的基部，提示它们可能是最早分化出的类群。熊猴－红面猴（Ｍ．ａｓｓａｍｅｎｓｉｓ－Ｍ．ａｒｃｔｏｉｄｅｓ）虽然与藏猴（Ｍ．ｔｈｉｂｅｔａｎａ）共享的限制性位点数更多，在ＮＪ树上两类动物也最为接近，但在最大似然树中熊猴－红面猴却与平顶猴（Ｍ?
Restriction maps of ribosomal DNA repeating units of six species of Macaca (M.mulatta,M. facsicularis, M. arctoides, M.ssamensis, M.hibetana, M.nemestrina) and two outgroup species, Rhinopithecus bieti and Hylobates leucogenys, were constructed with 15 restriction endonucleases and 28S,18S rDNA probes cloned from human. M. arctoides shares a common restriction map with M. assamensis. Phylogenetic tree derived from the neighbor-joining was somewhat different that derived from the maximum likelihood methods using the NEIGHBOR and RESTML program in PHYLIP version 3.5c.However,the consensus of our phylogenetic trees supports the viewpoint that M.facsicularis and M. mulatta were maybe diverged first in the genus Macaca.Further studies using DNA sequencing method are required to resolve the phylogeny of the genus Macaca.
