亚健康状态中医证型相关文献统计分析

Statistical analysis of literatures related to syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine for sub-healthy state

目的:中医中药在防治亚健康方面有明显的优势,尤其是运用中医辨证论治疗法对亚健康的防治,为临床治疗亚健康状态提供了切实可行的途径。综述目前临床关于亚健康状态的中医辨证与证候概况,为亚健康中医证候流行病学调查研究提供依据。资料来源:应用计算机检索中国知网《中国期刊全文数据库(CJFD)》1996-01/2005-12研究亚健康证型的相关文献,检索词为“亚健康,中医,证”,限定文章语言种类为中文。对文献年代、期刊分布、亚健康证型分布等方面进行统计分析。资料选择:亚健康证型文献选择,纳入标准:中医药防治亚健康相关文献,并且有确切的辨证证候分型。排除标准:综述文献,无确切证侯分型的文献,重复研究。资料提炼:共获取中医防治亚健康文献83篇。纳入有确切中医辨证及证候分型的文献15篇,对综述文献及无确切中医证候分型的文献共68篇予以排除。资料综合:文献综合分析表明:①研究亚健康的文献以及运用中医研究亚健康的文献均呈逐年上升趋势,其中共报道亚健康中医辨证分型139种次,整合后共22个中医证型。②亚健康的病性属虚证为主,虚证、虚实夹杂证者分别占证型总数的51.80%,36.70%,其中报道肝郁脾虚、脾虚湿盛、心脾两虚、肝肾两虚证4种证型共84次,占证型总数60.43%。③亚健康所涉及的病位以脾、肝、心、肾四脏为多,在此四脏当中,多数文献又认为与脾脏和肝脏的关系尤为密切,涉及此四脏的证型分别占总数的48.92%,31.65%,19.42%,13.67%。④亚健康的中医证型,以肝郁脾虚、脾虚湿盛、心脾两虚、肝肾两虚四种证型为主,占证型总数的60.44%;湿热内蕴、脾肾两虚、气滞血瘀、脾肺气虚、肾阴亏虚、心肾不交及脾虚证等7种证型占证型总数的30.92%。结论:肝郁脾虚、脾虚湿盛、心脾两虚、肝肾两虚证可作为亚健康中医证候流行病学调查研究的主要证型。

OBJECTIVE： Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is obviously influential in the prevention and cure of sub-health, especially in method of TCM differentiation of symptoms and signs, can provide the feasible pathway for the clinical treatment of sub-healthy state. The present paper aims to review the general condition of TCM syndrome differentiation and symptoms of sub-healthy state and provide evidences for the epidemiological study of TCM syndrome. DATA SOURCES： An online search was undertaken in China Journal Full-text Database between January 1996 and December 2005 to identify the Chinese articles related to the syndromes of sub-healthy state by imputing the key words of ＂sub-health, traditional Chinese medicine, syndrome＂. The statistical analysis was conducted in years of literature, journal distribution and sub-healthy syndromes. STUDY SELECTION： All the articles of TCM syndrome were selected. Inclusion criteria： relevant literatures of the prevention and treatment of sub-health by TCM, with the precise syndrome typing. Exclusion criteria： reviews, literatures without precise syndrome typing, and repetitive research. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 83 literatures of the prevention and treatment of sub-health by TCM were selected. Fifteen ones including exact TCM syndrome differentiation and symptom typing were included, and 68 ones were excluded due to reviews or vague TCM syndrome typing. DATA SYNTHESIS： The literature analysis indicated： ①The＇articles of sub-health researched with TCM were increasing year by year, and it was reported there were 139 kinds of TCM syndromes of sub-health and 22 kinds of syndromes after integration.②The sub-health was mainly deficient syndrome, and those of deficient Syndrome as well as excess and deficiency inclusion syndrome were 51.80% and 36.70% of total syndrome typing respectively. And there were 84 reports about 4 syndromes： stagnation of liver-Qi with deficiency of the spleen, damp abundance due to splenic asthenia, cardiosplenic asthenia and deficiency of both liver and spleen, covering 60.43% of total syndromes. ③The diseased locations involved in sub-health were mostly spleen, liver, heart and kidney, the syndromes referring which were 48.92%, 31.65%, 19.42% and 13.67% respectively. And a majority of articles demonstrated there was a close correlation between spleen and liver. ④The dominant TCM syndromes of sub-health were stagnation of liver-Qi with deficiency of the spleen, damp abundance due to splenic asthenia, cardiosplenic asthenia and deficiency of both liver and spleen, covering 60.44% of total syndromes; In addition, other 7 syndromes accounted for 30.92%, they were endoretention of damp heat, asthenia of both spleen and kidney, qi-stagnancy and blood stasis, deficiency of both the splenic and pulmonary Qi, deficiency of kidney-Yin, cardionephric disharmony and splenasthenic syndrome. CONCLUSION： The main types of epidemiological investigation of subhealth TCM syndromes are stagnation of liver-Qi with deficiency of the spleen, damp abundance due to splenic asthenia, cardiosplenic asthenia and deficiency of both liver and spleen.