张謇与南通城市结构演变

Zhang Jian and the Urban Structural Evolution of Nantongy,Nantong

吴良镛称南通是“中国近代第一城”。张謇通过创办实业,形成了以棉纺织业为主导的生态产业链,推动了以金融、商业和航运业为主体的近代城市第三产业产生和发展,构建了较为和谐的人居环境,使南通成为我国沿海重要的民族工业城市,推动了通海地区农业现代化进程和农村地区的城镇化。张謇创造性开展城市建设,改变了过去以中轴线对称的方形城廓和十字长街的城市形态,形成了以城区为政治、金融、商业、文化中心,各具功能特色的唐闸镇、天生港和狼山镇环绕的“一城三镇”空间形态模式,但这种空间形态过早分散了南通城市功能。

Zhang Jian, by the establishment of enterprises, set up a very harmonious ecological enterprise chain led by cotton textile and spurred the appearance and development of the tertiary industry in Nantong and made the city a key coastal industrialized city in modern China; which greatly accelerated the agricultural modernization in Tong-hai area and the urbanization of the surrounding countryside. Zhang, through his creative mind, converted Nantong＇s former layout pattern of square-centered and cross-shaped streets into ＂one-city-and-three-town＂, out of which one city means the urban district, serving as political, financial, commercial and cultural center while the three towns function as outlaying for the urban district. Yet the new pattern, though had its significance in early times, scattered districts too early and led to urban function decentralization.