墨西哥银行业重组经验对我国银行业改革的启示

The Experience of Mexican Banking Reform and Its Implication for China

1991-2003年,墨西哥银行业先后经历了依靠内资的私有化改革阶段和依靠外资的自由化改革阶段,改革成效迥异。本文对其两个阶段改革过程和改革成效进行了较为深入的分析,指出从墨西哥改革经验来看,引入境外战略投资者比单纯依赖国内投资者更有利于银行业的发展,但同时也必须防范引进外资可能带来的负面影响。最后从引资目标、会计准则、产权制度、存款保险制度、法律环境等方面阐述了墨西哥银行业重组对我国银行业改革的启示。

From 1991 to 2003, Mexico conducted two-phase reform of its banking system. In the first phase（1991-1996）, it pfivatized most banks, causing collapse of the banking system. In the second phase （1997-2003）, it removed the restrictions on foreign bank ownership in Mexico, which not only recapitalized the banking system but also reduced non-performing loans in the banking system. After analyzing the two phases of Mexican banking reform, this study points out that foreign investors benefit more to the banks than domestic investors. However, we have to pay attention to the negative effects of introducing foreign investors.