负性情绪图片诱发心血管和内分泌反应及与记忆成绩的关系

Neuroendocrine Responses and Memory Performance Induced by Negative Emotion

目的:考察负性情绪图片刺激下个体交感神经系统、HPA轴反应与其记忆成绩之间的关系。方法:采用负性情绪图片作为刺激材料,测定刺激前后56名健康女大学生主观情绪感受、心率、收缩压、舒张压、唾液皮质醇水平的变化,比较负性情绪图片和中性对照条件下的记忆成绩。结果:1·与中性图片相比,负性情绪图片刺激可诱发明显负性情绪,被试收缩压升高(99±9/103±11,t=2·74,P<0·05)、舒张压升高(61±8/64±11,t=2·19,P<0·05)、唾液皮质醇水平上升(2·998±1·763/4·076±3·071,t=2·23,P<0·05);2·与中性图片相比,负性情绪图片刺激下外显记忆成绩较高(13·1±5·8/11·0±5·5,t=2·00,P<0·05);3·相关分析表明,负性情绪图片刺激下收缩压变化与被试外显记忆成绩呈正相关(r=0·29);而皮质醇变化水平与被试外显记忆成绩呈负相关(r=-0·33)。结论:负性情绪图片刺激引发的交感神经系统反应可能促进外显记忆,而HPA轴反应可能损害外显记忆。

Objective： To study the relationship between the memory performances and individual differences in the responses of sympathetic-nerve-system （ SNS ） and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal （ HPA ） axis induced by the negative emotion stimuli. Methods： This study examined the neuroendocrine responses by comparing the effects of unpleasant pictures on heart rate （ HR）, systolic （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure （ DBP）, and salivary cortisol in 56 healthy female college students. The performance of memory after unpleasant pictures and control condition was also measured. Results： The unpleasant stimuli induced significant negative emotion. The unpleasant stimuli induced increases in SBP （99 3= 9/103 3= 11, t = 2. 74, P 〈 0. 05 ）, HBP （61 3= 8/64 3= 11, t = 2. 19, P 〈 0. 05 ）, cortisol level （ 3.0 3= 1.8/4. 1 3= 3. 1, t = 2. 23, P 〈 0. 05 ） . Compared with neutral control, the performance of explicit memory （13.1 3= 5. 8/11.0 3= 5.5, t = 2. 00, P 〈 0. 05 ） after unpleasant pictures significantly increased. There was a positive correlation between systolic pressure reaction and performances of explicit memory （r =0. 29） , and a negative correlation between cortisol reaction and performances of explicit memory （ r = - 0. 33 ） . Conclusion ： SNS and HPA axis responses induced by negative affective picture stimuli are related to explicit memory performances. SNS may increase explicit memory, and HPA axis may impair explicit memory.