野牛草育种材料有性繁殖及坪用特性

A Comparison Among Several Buchloe Dactyloides Breeding Materials in Sexual Reproductivity and Lawny Trait

研究10份野牛草(B uch loe d acty loid es)育种材料及其3个F 1代杂交种的物候期、营养器官及花器官形态、雄株花粉质量、雌株种子产量、F 1代性别分化比例、草坪质量、匍匐茎扩展速率等有性繁殖及坪用特性指标。结果表明:1号雌株种子质量好,产量较高,可作为选育种子生产的母本材料;1号雄株花粉数量多,质量好,可以作为杂交育种的父本材料;3号、5号、6号雌株及雌雄同株的坪用性状突出,可作为无性繁殖和生产草皮卷的新种质;3个F 1代杂交种的杂种优势均较明显,但性别分化比例有所不同。

To select new species of Buchloe dactyloides that boast high value in seed yield, sod production,and cross breeding, we compared ten grass breeding materials and three hybrid species of B. dactyloides of different characteristics. Testing indexes included the different materials＇ reproduction phenophases, appearances of vegetative and flowering organs, pollen quality of male plants, seed yield of female plants, sex differentiation ratio of F1 generation, turf quality, and stolon spreading rate. Results indicate that female NO. 1 excels in quality and high seed yield, and is fitted to be the maternal material for a new B. dactyloides species. Male NO. 1 issues a large quantity of quality pollen, and is suitable to be the paternal material for the crossbreeding. Females NO. 3, NO. 5, and NO. 6, and the polygamy material are all fitted to be new varieties for vegetative propagation and turf blankets. The three hybrid species are similar in heterosis, though not in sex differentiation ratio.