天然草原持续利用理论和实践的困惑——兼论中国草业发展战略

Theory and Practice on Sustainable use of China's Natural Grassland: A Study on the Development Strategy of Grassland-Livestock and Grassland-Agriculture

针对我国目前草原生态建设中存在的一些理论和实践问题,如草原退化的面积和程度,造成退化原因的作用和权重等不确定性问题;载畜量及其估测的理论基础问题;“围封转移”和“春季休牧”措施的理论基础以及草原生态系统多功能等问题。认为这些问题将严重困扰着我国草业能否健康、和谐的可持续发展,因此在研究我国草业发展战略时,必须面对并迫切需要解决。

The present paper discusses the theory and practice on the ecological construction of China＇s natural grassland, issues such as the extent, size, the causes and aftermath of the deteriorated grassland; theoretical and practical calculation of the grassland carrying capacity; theory and practice on ＂fencing grassland and shifting herds＂ and ＂deferring grazing in Spring＂; the multi-functions or ecosystem service of grassland; more particularly, the conservation of grassland culture. All this concerns the healthy, harmonious and sustainable development of grassland-livestock production and grassland-agriculture in China. Investigation and research work of the grassland conditions must be made and developing strategies of grassland-livestock production and grassland-agriculture be urgently planned and put into practice.