河南省乡镇机构改革的动力机制研究

The Power Mechanism Research of Village and Town Organization Reforms in Henan Province

1998年、2001年和2005年,河南省基于缓解地方财政短缺的压力和减轻农民负担的考虑,主要围绕着“撤并乡镇、精简机构、分流人员”进行了三轮乡镇机构改革。在前两轮改革中,省、市、县、乡四级政府之间互相推脱分摊改革成本的责任,结果这两次改革都变成了虎头蛇尾的“假改革”;在第三轮改革中,省委、省政府强化了相关配套措施的跟进,统筹考虑各方利益主体之间的关系协调,着力解决改革中所引发的各种复杂矛盾,最终形成了有效整合、协调一致的合作型博弈机制,仅用3个多月就解决了长期困扰河南农村发展的“老大难”问题,因此称得上是善始善终的“真刀真枪改革”。下一步,我国将重点进行市、县两级政府机构改革。为防止出现低效率的重复博弈,建议党中央、国务院直接领导这项复杂而艰巨的改革工程,省一级具体负责组织实施。

In 1998, 2001 and the second half year of 2005, mainly based on the consideration of alleviating the pressure of the local finance difficulties and reducing the burden of farmers, He＇nan Province carried on three turns of village and town organization reforms. In the first two turns of the reforms, the four levels of governments of the province, the city, the county, and the township shirked mutually the shares of the reform cost and the responsibility so that it turned out to be a fake reform with ＂a fine start and a poor finish＂. In the third turn of reform, the provincial party committee and the provincial government strengthened the relevant necessary measure, coordinated the relation between the subjects of interest, solved the contradictions initiated in the reform, and finally formed an effective and coordinative gambling mechanism. The third reform becomes a real one with ＂a good start and a good finish＂ in that it costs merely there months to solve the ＂the great difficulty＂ puzzling the He＇nan countryside development for a long time. Since emphasis will be put on the urban and rural organization reform in our country later, the Central Party Committee and State Council should lead directly this complex and arduous reform project while the provinces should be responsible for implementing it. To do so, game repetition with the low efficiency can be avoided in the urban and rural organization reform.