行政诉讼证明责任的含义研究

A Study of the Implication of Burden of Proof in Administrative Act

长期以来,我国一直将行政诉讼证明责任等同于举证责任,仅指提供证据的责任,这未能正确反映证明责任制度的全部内涵,在司法实践中也存在很多的不足。证明责任分为行为责任和结果责任,举证责任是行为责任,它为证明责任的子概念,在具体事项中呈现不同状态,而结果责任的性质却是稳定的,因而行政诉讼证明责任核心层含义不应是提供证据的行为责任,而应为结果责任,即争点事实真伪不明的情况下不利后果如何归属的裁判规则。

For a long time,the burden of proof have been known as the burden of producing evidence in adiministrative action, which can＇t express the total imphcation of the burden of proof but produce a lot of shortcoming in the legal practice. The concept of burden of proof in administrative action should include two meanings, that is, the conduct and result burden of proof, while the burden of producing evidence is only a subconcept of burden of proof, and its duty distribution is different in different proceeding, but the result burden of proof is stable, so the core of burden of proof shall be the result burden of proof——when the facts of the focal point are unclear, who will burden undesirable effects.