“乡土中国”的文化困境——关于“乡土传统”的百年论说

Cultural Dilemma of "Local-color China"——A Century's Dispute on "Local-color tradition"

“乡土中国”的论述涉及对中国传统及其文化根基的认知与评价。本文结合20世纪以来学界论争的主要观点加以阐发,提出如果不走出对于乡土中国在认识上的“文化困境”——即判定乡村世界是中国文明的根基和希望还是陷阱和泥潭,或简言之不摆脱认识农民世界“好得很”还是“糟得很”这样的二元对峙,政治解决和民生层面的相互协调就难以完满实现;而城乡之间日益猛烈的双向涌流或许还会进一步激化社会和价值的紊乱,中国人“走向世界”的前景也还会因缺乏本土根基及其自身大、小传统的重新整合而流于漂茫。

A discussion of ＂local-color China＂ involves a cognition and evaluation on Chinese tradition and its culture root. Based on the major disputes in academic circles since 20th century, this essay expounds that political solution and coordination on people＇s livelihood can not be fully fulfilled if ＂cultural dilemma＂ exists in perception of local-color China --that is to judge whether country is the basis and hope of Chinese civilization or not, or in short, a dispute on whether the peasant world is ＂pretty good＂ or ＂pretty bad＂ can not be eradicated. An increasing two-way flow between city and country may worsen the disorder of society and value. The dream of making Chinese an active player in the world will go in abortion as a result of lack of nativilization and reorganization of its big and small traditions.