论有语言无文字小民族双语教育问题——以达斡尔族为例

On Bilingual Education for Minority with Language but without Character——Take Dawoer Nationality as an Example

本文从文化变迁的视角分析了达斡尔族这一类有语言无文字小民族双语教育面临的共同问题。认为,文化变迁尤其是涵化是双语教育发生的根本原因之一,双语教育是促进涵化成功实现的一个最重要手段;对于无文字民族双语教育的革新,应实事求是地采取灵活多样的教学方法;基础教育最基本、最主要的功能是培养学生为适应现实生活必须的基本素质,可以通过科学研究和培训师资等方式,有效地记录、整理濒危语言等。

This article analyzes the common problems the minor nationality such as Dawoer Nationality with Language but without Character faced from perspective of culture change. Culture change is the basic reason for bilingual education; bilingual education is the important way for successful connotation change. Various and flexible teaching method should be adopted for the innovation of bilingual education of minor nationality without character.