论善意取得制度的适用范围——兼评《中华人民共和国物权法(草案)》相关规定

The Applicable Scope of Bona Fide Acquisition

善意取得制度的适用范围同时关系到所有权的保护与交易安全的实现,对善意取得制度予以正当化的过程就是界定其适用范围的过程;善意取得制度系动产占有公信力的表现,而不动产物权变动以登记为公示方式,采登记公信力制度,故无善意取得制度适用之余地;观念交付因其自身的局限并不当然构成善意取得制度所要求之“交付”,法律应限制观念交付时善意取得制度的适用;物权行为独立性与善意取得制度相辅相成,分别给予受让人以债权保护和物权保护,而物权行为无因性之功能可为善意取得制度所替代,无存在的价值;善意取得制度可类推适用于其他动产物权或其他民事权利的取得,但须满足占有作为权利外观之基本前提。

The applicable scope of Bona Fide Acquisition concerns the protection of the ownership and the transaction safety of the buyer. The process of justifying Bona Fide Acquisition defines the applicable scope of it. With the safety of the buyer in real property transaction depending on the registration system, Bona Fide Acquisition applies only to personality transaction. Owing to its defect in nature, the ＂conceptive transfer＂ of personality does not necessarily constitute the ＂transfer＂ needed by Bona Fide Acquisition. The independence of action of property right contributes to the transaction safety of buyer, but the function of the abstraction of act of property right can be replaced by Bona Fide Acquisition. Based on the occupation as appearance of the right, the Bona Fide Acquisition can be applied by analogy.