20世纪90年代以来上海地区光能资源变化研究

Studies on Radiation Resource Change in Shanghai since the 1990's

为了摸清20世纪90年代以来上海地区光能资源变化规律,根据1991—2003年上海地区11个站年日照资料及宝山站的辐射资料,在与前30年(1961—1990年)平均比较的基础上,统计分析1991年以来太阳总辐射、直接辐射、散射辐射、日照时数、日照百分率以及光合有效辐射、光热生产潜力的变化情况,结果表明:1991—2003年,上海地区年平均总辐射减少70M Jm/2,年平均直接辐射减少160.6M Jm/2,年平均散射辐射增加90.6M Jm/2,年平均光合有效辐射减少17.4M Jm/2,年平均光热生产潜力增加3328kgh/m 2,年平均日照时数减少187.5h,年平均日照百分率减少4%。

For understanding the changing rule of radiation resource in Shanghai,based on the analysis of sunshine data of 11 meteorological stations in Shanghai and Baoshan＇s radiation data during the last 13 years （1991-2003）and by comparison of mean values of the past 30 years （1961-1990）,the statistical change of total radiation,direct radiation,scattered radiation,sunshinehours,sunshine percentage,photosynthetically active radiation and potentiality of photosynthetic production since the 1990s was studied.The results showed during last the 13 years （1991-2003） in Shanghai,because the global atmospheric aerosol increased,the annual average total radiation decreased 70MJ/m^2,the annual average direct radiation decreased 160.6MJ/m^2, and the annual average scattered radiation increased 90.6MJ/m^2.Because the photosynthetically active radiation was affected by total radiation,the photosynthetically active radiation decreased likewise for the total radiation decreased,the annual average photosynthetically active radiation decreased 17.4MJ/m^2.Because the potentiality of photosynthetic production rests with the total radiation and temperature,although the total radiation decreased,yet the temperature increased,the potentiality of photosynthetic production increased as a whole and the annual average potentiality of photosynthetic production increased 3 328kg/hm^2.The annual average sunshinehours decreased 187.5h,and the annual average sunshine percentage decreased 4%. Because the greenhouse gas in the global atmosphere increased drastically,the earth＇s surface warmed up and heat resource increased,and the global atmospheric aerosol increased,on the contrary,the ray absorbability decreased and scattered radiation increased and radiation resource decreased at the same time,but the increased temperature by the greenhouse gas still occupied a dominant position and the climate became warmer and warmer,thus,radiation resource decreased and heat resource increased instead during the last 13 years （1991-2003） according to the comparison of the average values of that period （1961-1990） in Shanghai.