20世纪20-30年代中国留学教育问题的争论

Debates over the Chinese overseas students during the 1920-30s

20世纪20年代至30年代,中国教育界有过一场关于留学教育问题的争论。争论由弹劾清华学制对留学美国学生的遴选公平问题引起。争论的焦点是:中国是否应该继续派送留学生及留学教育的国别选择问题。争论的实质是:留学教育是中国教育发展的助力还是阻力?造成留学教育问题的原因是社会的还是个人的?争论目的是:探索中国留学教育的方向与道路。争论的结果是:留学教育的宗旨、方向和政策发生了变化,留学教育因此得以改进。争论提供的历史借鉴是:留学教育与国内教育的关系问题以及留学生归国的教育价值与教育服务问题,这些问题其实也是当代留学教育研究的重大命题,需要我们做出时代的回答。

There have been debates over the Chinese overseas students during the 1920 - 30s, beginning with the fair play in the selection of students from Qinghua （Tsinghua） University to study in USA. The focus of debates is whether China needs to continue to send students in pursuit of education overseas, and what country is proper, whether this is stimulus or hindrance to Chinese education, if the debates are social or individual issues, and what is the way out of the debates. The result is that the debates lead to changes in educational objectives, and policies in the regard, and to the improvement of the overseas studies. However, there are also historical lessons deserving our consecutive concerns.