香港土壤研究 Ⅵ.基于改进层次分析法的土壤肥力质量综合评价

HONG KONG SOIL RESEARCHES Ⅵ.INTEGRATED EVALUATION OF SOIL FERTILITY QUALITY BASED ON THE IMPROVED ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS

采用改进层次分析法(AHP),并结合覆盖整个香港地区的51个典型土壤剖面样品分析得到的pH(H2O)、有机质、质地等包含土壤物理和土壤化学的10项指标进行综合评价。评价结果表明:香港地区的土壤肥力质量总体不高,有1/2以上调查样点属中等以下水平。在不同生态景观类型中,农业土壤的肥力质量相对较高。土壤过酸和磷素水平(包括全磷和速效磷含量)过低是香港土壤肥力质量低下的主要原因。此外,山火焚烧和侵蚀在一定程度上加剧了土壤肥力的退化,因此需要加强地表植被和水土的保育工作。

Assessment of soil fertility quality was an effective way to evaluate direct or indirect impacts of artificial land managements on the soils. This paper attempted to present an integrated evaluation of Hong Kong soil fertility quality with improved analytic hierarchy process （AHP） since such study had never been carried out on the soils in Hong Kong before. Soil samples were collected from 51 representative soil profiles indicative of varied soil types throughout Hong Kong, and 10 items of soil properties, including pH, soil organic matter, soil texture etc., were determined. Results indicate that more than half of the soil samples were below the middle level in soil fertility, while those from farmlands was relatively better and higher than 0.7 in soil fertility quality index （ FI）, which was applied to quantify soil fertility in Hong Kong. The low soil fertility quality is attributed mainly to the strong acidity and low contents of total phosphorus and rapid available phosphorus of the soils. Besides, mountain fire and soil erosion contribute to a certain extent to degradation of the soil quality. Therefore, it is suggested more efforts be devoted to protection of vegetation and conservation of soil and water for the sake of improvement of soil quality.