青藏高原东南部天然草地主要有毒植物调查研究

Investigation of Poisonous Plants in Natural Grassland of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

对青藏高原东南部的川西北天然草地主要有毒植物的种类、毒物成分和分布作了系统的调查与研究,首次报道了该区域天然草地有毒植物名录,统计出该区主要有毒植物226种,隶属于33科77属。有毒植物所含主要毒物成分可分为生物碱、苷类化合物、萜类化合物、苯酮类化合物、酚类及其衍生物和简单有机物等6大类。有毒植物在亚高山草甸草地中分布最多,有157种,其次是亚高山灌丛草地、高山草甸草地、高山灌丛草地和高寒沼泽化草甸草地。本调查研究为青藏高原东南部天然草地主要有毒植物的防除和开发利用奠定了基础。

The species, toxic ingredients and distributions of poisonous plants in natural grasslands of southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were studied in 1997-2005. It was shown that in the region there were 226 kinds of poisonous plants belonging to 33 families and 77 genera. Their major toxic ingredients were alkaloids, glycosides , terpenoids benzophenones,phenols and their derivatives as well as simple organic substances. These toxic substances most occurred in the plants distributing sub-alpine meadows, which total 157 species and then secondly in the plants distributing in sub-alpine scrub meadow,alpine scrub grassland and cold alpine paludification meadows. In addition,the catalogue of poisonous plants in the region was established for the first time.