30%乙醇经大鼠输精管逆向注射的抗生育研究

Antifertility Effect of 30% Ethanol Retro-injection into Rat Vas Deferens

目的:通过对大鼠经输精管逆向注射30%乙醇的研究,初步探讨这种方法的抗生育效果及其安全性。方法:将30只SD雄性大鼠[3月龄,重(200±20)g],随机均分为实验和对照两组:分别用5号针头注射器(1 m l)取30%乙醇0.5 m l(实验组)和生理盐水0.5 m l(对照组)经每只雄性大鼠的输精管逆向注射。分别于1.5个月和3个月时各用60只SD雌性成年大鼠交配作妊娠试验来计算其雌鼠妊娠率,并在3个月后处死所有雄鼠,取出附睾组织在镜下检查其精子活力和精子畸形率;同时采用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记(TUNEL)法检查其生精细胞的凋亡情况。结果:实验组在1.5个月时交配后的雌鼠妊娠率为0,3个月时的a+b级精子为(0.32±1.12)%、雌鼠妊娠率为(0.58±1.27)%,与对照组[(80.62±2.68)%、(70.68±1.62)%、(86.62±1.68)%]相比,均有明显的下降(P<0.05);而精子畸形率[(78.26±1.08)%]与对照组[(20.34±1.26)%]相比,却出现了明显的上升(P<0.05);同时3个月时实验组大鼠的凋亡指数为(7.63±1.16)%,与对照组(5.62±1.32)%相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:乙醇经大鼠输精管逆向注射的方法在3个月内可产生明显的抗生育效果,但对其生精细胞没有显著性的影响。

Objective ： To explore the antifertility effect and safety of 30% ethanol retro-injection into the vas deferens of the rat. Methods： Thirty Spragne-Dawley male rats, 3 m of age and （200 ± 20） g in weighty, were equally randomized into an experimental group and a control group. The former received 30% ethanol（0.5 nil） and the latter 0.9% sodium chloride（0.5 ml）, both retro-injected into the vas deferens. Pregnancy rates were obtained through pregnancy tests with 60 Spragne-Dawley female adult rats 1.5 m and 3 m after the injection. All the male rats were sacrificed three months later, and tests were done for the rates of sperm motility and deformity as well as for the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells with TUNEL. Results： The 1.5 m pregnancy rate was 0 and the 3 m sperm motility and pregnancy rates were （0.32 ± 1.12）% and （0.58 ± 1.27）%, significantly decreased（P 〈0.05） as compared with those of the control group, which were （ 80.62 ± 2.68 ） %, （70.68 ± 1.62 ） % and （ 86.62 ± 1.68 ） %, respectively. While the 3 m sperm deformity rate in the experimental group was （78.26 ± 1,08 ） %, increased significantly（P 〈0.05 ）, and the apoptosis index （ AI ） of spermatogenic cells was （7.63 ± 1.16） % as compared with （5.62 ± 1.32 ） % of the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups（P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusion： Retro-injection of 30% ethanol into the vas deferens of the rat produces significant antifertility effect on rats, but has no significant influence on their spermatogenic cells.