二维与三维机织复合材料的力学性能实验研究

Study on Mechanical Properties of 2D and 3D Woven Composites

通过对超厚三维正交机织复合材料及二维机织层合板分别进行拉伸和压缩实验,研究比较两复合材料刚度和强度特性的差异;研究发现无论是三维机织材料的拉、压,还是二维层合板的拉、压的应力—应变曲线都可近似为直线关系,而且具有脆性破坏的特点;三维复合材料的拉、压强度要高于二维层合板,是由于不同的增强相结构及纤维含量造成;不同的破坏模式对材料强度影响很大。

The tensile and compressive tests are conducted on ultra- thick 3D orthogonal woven composites and 2D woven laminates to compare the difference of the rigidity and strength of these two composites. The test result shows that the stress- strain curves of both materials are almost linear and they have the characteristics of the brittle failure behavior. Due to the greater amount of fiber aligned in the principal- stress direction and structure of composites, the mechanical properties of the 3D fabric reinforced composite are better than those of the 2D fabric reinforced composites. The failure mode also greatly influences the mechanical properties of the material.