具有流线型头部的高速磁浮列车气动性能数值模拟

The Numerical Simulation on the Aerodynamic Performance of High-Speed Maglev Train with Streamlined Nose

以世界上首条商业运行的上海高速磁浮列车TR08为研究对象,基于粘性流体力学理论,按三维可压缩粘性流对具有流线型头部形状的TR08列车以及根据一定规律设计出的4种新头型列车周围流场进行了数值模拟.通过对这5种不同头型列车的模拟结果进行对比分析,得出了流线型头部外形对气动性能影响的规律:随着流线型头部长度增加(其他条件相同),列车气动阻力和升力降低;在头部流线型长度相当的情况下,纵剖面轮廓线上凸的头车气动阻力比下凹的小,而尾车气动阻力大;中间车阻力变化不大,尾车升力大于头车;就整车升力而言,纵剖面轮廓线上凸的气动升力大于下凹的.

The high-speed Maglev Train TR08, which is the first commercial maglev line in the world, was investigated. The flow fields around the streamlined high-speed maglev trains, including train TR08 and the other four new trains designed by the certain regularity, were simulated based on the 3-D compressible viscous fluid theory. With comparison and analysis of the results of the five different configurations, a regularity that its aerodynamic performance changing with its aerodynamic configuration was drawn. When the other parameters are the same, the aerodynamic drag and lift decrease with the length of the streamlined nose shapes extending; when the length of the streamlined nose shapes is almost the same, the aerodynamic drag of the front car of the protruding longitudinal profile is less than that of the concave, while that of the rear car is the contrary; the aerodynamic drag of the middle car varies within a small range, the aerodynamic lift of the rear car is greater than that of the front one; and the total aerodynamic lift of the three cars of the protruding longitudinal profile is greater than that of the concave.