我国近海海洋现象的星载SAR观测

Observations of Coastal Ocean Phenomena with Spaceborne SAR

利用ＳＩＲ－Ｃ／Ｘ－ＳＡＲ、ＥＲＳ－１和ＪＥＲＳ－１的ＳＡＲ图像观测中国近海海洋现象。分析结果表明：ＳＡＲ图像揭示了海浪、内波、浅海水下地形、海面油膜、表层流场、河口羽流和海面船只等现象。Ｘ－ＳＡＲ观测到了南海东沙群岛附近海区的海浪和内波。在中等海面风速和强潮流的条件下，登州浅滩等浅海水下地形特征在ＥＲＳ－１ＳＡＲ图像上清晰可辨。从ＳＡＲ海面油膜图像上获得了山东北部海区的表面流场结构并与海流图作了比较，二者相符。由于河口冲淡水与海水之间的雷达后向散射差异，ＳＡＲ还观测到了河口羽流等。海面船只具有强的雷达后向散射，在ＳＡＲ图像上呈亮色。

Radar images from the synthetic aperture radars(SAR)aboard the first European remote sensing satellite ERS 1,the first Japanese remote sensing satellite JERS 1 and American space shuttle(SIR C)have been used to observe oceanic phenomena off the coast of China.The SAR images have revealed features associated with surface waves,internal waves,surface flow patterns and river plumes,detected oil slicks and ships,and mapped underwater bottom topography.The SAR imaging mechanisms of these phenomena are also discussed in the paper.