应用NOAA／AVHRR资料动态监测洪涝灾害的研究

The Study of Flood′s Dynamic Surveying Using NOAA/AVHRR Data

以ＮＯＡＡ卫星为主要监测手段，对洪水、植被、土壤的光谱特征进行分析研究，提出了同时突出水体和植被的光谱分析思路。并根据客观分析需要，建立了洪涝灾情图像处理软件系统，对ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ图像资料进行投影、截取、放大、配准等一系列预处理。同时采用模糊非监督分类、比值、归一化植被指数方法对洪涝信息进行分析处理，确定受灾范围，量算受灾面积，划分受灾等级，提供灾情分布图，为防汛抗洪部门提供有力的科学依据。

In this paper,the spectral features of flood,vegetation and soil has been analysed by NOAA satellite data and the analytic thinking of sticking out water body and vegetation in the same time has been put forward.Owing to requirement of objective analysis,a image processing software system has been established,including a series of pretreatments such as projecting,cuting,enlarging and matching on the image data of NOAA/AVHRR and the analytic methods of fuzzy unsupervised classification,specific value and normalized vegetation indexes to determine the flood regions,calculate its area,device its degreed and provide its distributional picture.All these are scientific basis for flood prevention department.