轴变形产生的轴颈倾斜对滑动轴承润滑影响的试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH FOR EFFECT OF JOURNAL MISALIGNMENT ON PERFORMANCES OF JOURNAL BEARING

针对各种机械装置使用最普遍、最基本的轴-滑动轴承摩擦副系统,设计研制了专用试验装置,对轴受载荷作用产生弯曲变形,导致轴颈在轴承孔中倾斜时滑动轴承的润滑性能进行了试验研究。结果表明,在轴-滑动轴承摩擦副系统中,轴受载荷作用产生变形将导致轴颈在轴承孔中倾斜;轴变形导致轴颈倾斜时,滑动轴承的油膜压力、油膜厚度和温度的分布状况及数值发生了明显变化。轴受载越大,其变形产生的轴颈倾斜越严重,对滑动轴承润滑性能的影响越明显;轴承半径间隙与轴承宽度比值越小,轴变形产生的轴颈倾斜对轴承油膜压力、油膜厚度和温度的数值及分布的影响越大。因此,滑动轴承设计中应该考虑轴受载荷作用产生的变形导致轴颈倾斜的影响,对于重要的机械设备,尤其应当考虑这种影响。

According to the most general and essential shaft-journal beating friction pair system used in various mechanical device, a special test-bed is developed, and the experimental research on lubrication performance of journal beating when journal misalignment in beating hole is resulted from bend deformation of shaft on which load is acted. The results show that the deformation of shaft under load will result in journal misalignment in beating hole in shaft-journal bearing friction pair system and there are obvious changes at distribution status and value of film pressure, film thickness and temperature of journal bearing when journal misalignment is resulted from shaft deformation. The more the load of shaft, the more the journal misalignment resulted from shaft deformation, the more obvious the effect on lubrication performance of jourhal beating. The less the ratio between the radius clearance of beating and width of beating, the more the effect of journal misalignment resulted from shaft deformation on film pressure, film thickness and temperature of bearing. Therefore, the effect of journal misalignment resulted from deformation of shaft under load should be considered in design of journal beating; and this effect is more important to important mechanical device.