理学实践的失败与清学的兴起

The Failure of New-Confucian Political Practice and the Rise of Qing Confucian School

新儒学政治实践的失败使朱子理想化的世界模式趋于幻灭,随之而来的悲观的氛围在明清易代之际引发“由虚转实”的思想趋向———此即清学之缘起。与宋明儒形成鲜明对照的是,清学的学者丧失了缔造一个天理流行的理想社会的信心和热情。传统的研究着眼于学术重心的移易以及问学方法的革新,由此忽略了儒道作为信念诚挚的政治运动的另一面相。

The failure of New-Confucian political practice turned Zhu Xi＇s idealized world paradigm into an illusion. The following pessimistic atmosphere caused the transformation of intellectual trend from metaphysics to textual research, which may explain the rise of Qing Confucian School. In a sharp contrast with the Confucians of Song and Ming dynasties, scholars of Qing totally lost the belief and enthusiasm to create an idealized society of heavenly principle. Traditional studies only shed light on the wansformation of academic focus and research method, whereupon the other side of Confucianism as a sincere political movement is neglected.