如何构建和激活背景知识图式

On How to Construct and Activate Background Knowledge Schema

过去阅读理解一直被认为是一个被动的、单向的信息接受活动,读者只需对阅读材料进行语言解码即可达到理解。这在很大程度上制约了阅读效果的提高。现代图式理论在阅读理解中的应用与研究表明,阅读理解是文本信息与读者已有的图式背景知识之间相互作用的动态过程。本文拟在这些研究成果的基础上,结合实践,提出一些行之有效的具体做法,帮助学生在外语阅读课堂上,构建和激活背景知识图式,以期促进外语阅读理解与教学。

The reading comprehension was regarded as a one-way activity of information reception and as to be achieved only by simple decoding the textual linguistic symbols. That impeded the improvement of reading effect to a larger degree. The researches on the application of the schema theory into reading have illustrated that the reading comprehension is an interactive process between the textual information and the reader＇s schematic background knowledge. Based on the researches, the paper has proposed some effective ways to help students construct and activate their knowledge schema from the practical perspective on the foreign language reading class. It is expected to contribute to the reading comprehension and teaching of a foreign language.