菜青虫及其捕食性天敌生态位的研究

Studies on the Niche of Artogeia rapae and its Predatory Enemies

在对甘蓝田菜青虫及其捕食性天敌进行系统调查的基础上,研究了菜青虫卵、幼虫及其主要捕食性天敌的时空生态位。结果表明,菜青虫卵的时间生态位宽度较小,空间生态位宽度较大,幼虫的时间和空间生态位宽度较大。捕食性天敌优势种中,中华跃蛛的时间生态位宽度最大,三突花蛛的空间生态位宽度最大,八斑球腹蛛的时空二维生态位宽度最大,说明它的发生期较长、分布范围较广;草间小黑蛛与菜青虫卵和幼虫的时间×空间生态位重叠度最大,其次为四斑踞鳌蛛,说明这两种天敌对菜青虫的跟随作用较强。

Based on a systematic investigation on Artogeia rapae and its predatory enemies in cabbage fields, the temporal and spatial niches of Artogeia rapae and its major predatory enemies were studied in this paper. The results showed that the egg of Artogeia rapae had a narrow temporal niche breadth and a wide spatial niche breadth, but both temporal and spatial niche breadthes of the larva were relatively wide. Among the dominant predatory enemies, but Theridum octomaculatum had the widest time×space niche breadth and this meant that it had relatively long period of occurrence and wide range of distribution. The time×space niche overlap of Erigonidium graminicola with the egg and larva of Artogeia rapae was the greatest, and Dyschiriognatha guadrimaculata secondly. This implied that the above two species of predatory enemies had better follow effects on Artogeia rapae.