高原铁路机车乘务人员生理选拔指标研究

Study on Physiological Indicators Used in Scouting for Engine Drivers on Tableland Railway

为了研究高原铁路机车乘务员生理选拔指标,确定生理指标鉴定标准值,选择西宁铁路分局西格段机车司机500人进行指标体系鉴定试验。其结果表明:西格段机车司机总体合格率为31.6%,年龄、行车线路高度差对合格率有较大影响;确认红细胞压积、白细胞计数、血小板计数、血氧饱和度、血糖、谷草转氨酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素、尿蛋白和尿红细胞为较敏感的高原低氧生理代偿指标;可作为生理适应性筛检指标。提出选拔青藏铁路机车乘务员应采用基础体检、高原适应性体检二级结构模型;制定了高原机车乘务员体检鉴定医学标准、测试方法、合格判定标准。

In order to study the physiolngical indicators used in scouting for engine drivers on tableland railway, 500 engine drivers working in Xining substation of the railway were tested. Results show that the general acceptance rate is 31.6 %, and the age and the altitude difference in travel line are significantly effective. It is affirmed that HCT, WBC, PLT, SaO, GLU, GOT, TBIL, DBIL, PRO and ERY am the sensitive compensatory hypoxia physiolngical indicators, and may be used as screening indicators for physiolngical adaptability. It is proposed that a two stages structural model consisting a general physical examination and plateau physiolngical adaptability examination should be adopted, from which medical standards for physical examination, testing methods and accreditation criteria in scouting for engine drivers on tableland railway are formulated.