电力电缆故障测距综述

Survey of power cable fault location

随着大量电力电缆的投运,相应的电缆故障率也随着使用年限等上升,造成停电事故和巨大的经济损失,为此快速修复故障成为迫切需要。但是由于电缆的敷设特性决定了需要对电缆故障性质进行了解。该文从多方面分析了造成电缆故障的原因,然后按电缆材料、故障发生部位和基于行波理论测距方法分类做进一步深入研究,并依故障测距的步骤着重介绍了当前电缆精确测距的方法和当前比较新颖的电缆故障在线检测及其相关讨论,突出介绍了基于小波变换电缆故障测距。还介绍当前在电力系统中的电缆故障检测应用设备情况,概括了当前国内设备同国外公司的差别,对电缆故障测距的发展趋势做了一定程度的展望。

As a great number of power cables are in operation, corresponding fault ratio about these cables increases along with the time they serve and other reasons, which inevitably bring about power outage and tremendous economic loss. Consequently, it is urgent to eliminate the faults as quick as possible. However, it needs to comprehend the property of cables＇faults because of the lay-out characteristics of cables. The causes of cables＇fauhs are analyzed from different aspects, and a further study is also introduced about the types of faults depending on cable materials, the location where the fault occurs and measurements based on the traveling wave theory. Meanwhile, some up-to-date on-line detection techniques and the precise methods according to location processes of cable fault localization are mainly discussed, especially the location methods based on the wavelet transform. Equipments applied in power cable fault location as well as the difference between civil apparatus and foreign counterparts are discussed. At last, this paper presents its prospect about the tendency of the power cable fault location.