高致病禽流感在中国的传播,预防和控制(英文)

The Transmission,Precautionary and Control of Highly PathogenicAvian Influenza(HPAI) in China

本文综述了从1996年至今禽流感在中国的暴发流行和近年来禽流感的暴发特征。中国是世界最大的家禽生产国,并且大量候鸟迁徙途径中国,中国的禽流感防控形式非常严峻。当前不断出现的人类散发病例说明禽流感病毒仍在部分地区的禽鸟间传播。在与禽流感病毒的斗争中,中国积累了一些有效的防控经验,在禽流感防控的国际合作与相关研究方面也进行了许多积极的努力。国务院和农业部出台了一系列有针对性的法规和方案。在家禽和人类对禽流感病毒的感染途径方面,候鸟可能起了一定作用,人类感染H5N1病毒的主要方式和途径是接触感染病毒的禽类及其分泌物和排泄物,吸入禽类分泌物或排泄物中的病毒颗粒。但中国目前散养家禽的生物安全和废弃物处理状况令人堪忧,基础水平上的防控措施还有待加强。

This paper reported the history of avian flu outbreaks in China from 1996 to 2006, directed the characteristics of avian influenza outbreaks in recent years. China is one of the biggest poultry producers in the world and many migratory birds go through China, China faces high risk of pandemic bird flu. The continuing occurrence of sporadic human eases indicates that the virus is continuing to circulate in birds in some parts of the country. In the fighting again avian flu virus, China has developed some possible practice on precautionary and control measure. China enhances international cooperation and scientific involvement in the prevention and control of the avian flu. The State Council and Ministry of Agriculture issued the laws and regulations on avian flu. Wild birds may have played a role in getting domestic fowl and human beings infected with bird flu. Poultry manure is considered to be another key source of the spread routes of HSN1 virus, but the bio - security processing in free range poultry farming and waste products is very poor disposition in China. Epidemic control at grassroots level still needs to be strengthened.