大脑岛叶的显微外科解剖与临床意义

Microsurgical Anatomy of Cerebral Insula and Its Clinical Significance

目的为大脑岛叶区域的手术操作提供显微解剖参数。方法对12例(24侧)成人尸头进行岛叶区域的显微解剖与测量。结果岛叶外形呈三角锥形,以前、上和下环岛沟为界。大脑中动脉是岛叶的唯一供血动脉,其分支在岛叶皮质表面形成血管屏障。岛叶与侧脑室、壳核、内囊关系密切。结论岛叶具有特殊的解剖特点,充分了解岛叶的显微解剖对该区域病变的手术切除以及避免术后并发症的发生具有重要的意义。

Objective To provide the microanatomy for surgical oporation in the region of the insula. Method The microdissection and relative data measurement were performed in the insula region of 12 adult cadaveric heads （24 cerebral hemispheres）. Results The insula had triangle shape because of the pyramidal configuration and was surrounded by anterior, superior and inferior limiting sulci. The middle cerebral artery （MCA） provided the sole blood supply for the insula and the branches arising from the MCA formed a vascular net which covers the insular cortex. The insula was adjacent to the lateral ventricel, putamen and internal capsule. Conclusion The insula has special anatomic characteristics. It is important for a neurosurgeon to have a good understanding of the microsurgical anatomy of the insula. Knowing of the insular microanatomy is helpful to avoiding neurological complications after the surgery in the insula.