《西游记》中对人性的思考与探索

ABOUT THE ANALYSE AND EXPLORATION IN MONKEY TO THE HUMAN NATURE

明代中后期正处于思想新旧杂陈之时,《西游记》恰逢产生于此时。面对个性张扬、人欲横流的社会风气,作者吴承恩对人性有其独特的体悟与思考。为了拯救浇薄的世风,使人心复归于正,他以宗教为救世良方,要合儒、释、道三家之力,让世人收心养性,“合和四相复修身”,达于完美的人性修养境界。他所追求的完美人性是佛性、道性与儒性的相统一又高于这三性的无私无欲的境界。

In middle and later period of the Ming Dynasty, the new and old thought existed in the same time. Monkey was exactly produced at this time. In that period, the human desire was insatiable and personality was standing out. Faced with such society ethos, the author Wu Cheng-en had his unique understanding and considering to the human nature.In order to the save the offish ethos of the society and to make the people＇s souls revert, Wu Cheng-en took the religion as the effective salvation. He purposed to gather the strength of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism to let the earthling have a change of heart and purify the soul,＂ cultivate the self-morality with four phase＂, and reach to the perfect degree of human nature. The perfect self-cultivation which he pursued not only is the integration of Buddha-nature, the Tao-nature and Confucian-nature, but also is a selfless mentality which is higher than that.