医院内获得性肺炎68例临床分析

Clinical analysis of hospital acquired pneumonia in 68 cases

目的探讨医院内获得性肺炎(HAP)的病原学特点及细菌耐药状况,指导临床合理用药。方法回顾性分析2001年1月～2003年10月68例医院内获得性肺炎病人痰标本中病原菌的检出。结果68例标本中有52例痰培养有细菌生长,阳性率为77%(52/68)。其中,革兰氏阴性菌35株,占67%,主要为假单胞菌,肠杆菌,肺炎克雷白杆菌。革兰氏阳性菌16株,占30%,主要为化脓性链球菌,金黄色葡萄球菌。药敏试验显示,细菌对β内酰胺/β内酰胺酶抑制剂敏感率较高,而对多种抗菌药物有不同程度耐药。结论对HAP病原学的监测,有利于选择有效抗菌药物,减少治疗的盲目性。

[Objective] To investigate the etiological pathogens of in HAP for the guidance of rational of antibiotics. [Methods] Pathogens isolated from of 68 patients with HAP from January 2001 to October 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. [Results] 52 of the 68 patients were isolated with positive rate of 77%. Of the 52 strans, 67% were gram-negative bacilli, including bacillus pyocyaneus, enteric bacilli, pneumonia Kleber-baciUi. And 30% were gram-electropositive, the most of them were streptococcus pyogenes and staphyiococcus aureus. The baciUis show various degrees of tolerance to medicament for the most of antibacterials, and the rate of the sensitivity were high for β-1actam/β-1actam enzyme-inhibitor.