罗氏沼虾胚胎发育过程中的脂类变化

Changes of Lipid Content and Fatty Acid Composition During Embryonic Development of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

采用生物化学方法测定了罗氏沼虾胚胎发育过程中脂类含量和脂肪酸的组成．结果表明：随着胚胎的发育,总脂及中性脂含量明显下降,而磷脂含量趋于稳定,保持在一定水平．脂类在罗氏沼虾胚胎发育中除部分形成组织器官的组成成分外,主要起提供能量的作用．在脂肪酸组成上,胚胎中含量较高的饱和脂肪酸(SFA)有C14：0,C16：0,C18：0,单不饱和脂肪酸(MU- FA)有C16：1n-6,C18：1n-9,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)有C18：2n-6,C20：4n-6(ARA)以及n-3系列的高不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3HUFA)C18：3n-3,C20：5n-3(EPA)和C22：6n-3(DHA)．C18：1n-9和C16：0在罗氏沼虾胚胎发育各时期均占较高比例,是整个胚胎发育期间能量的主要提供者．在胚胎发育的不同时期,作为主要能源的脂肪酸不同．饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸在从受精卵期到原肠期是主要能源,单不饱和脂肪酸在从囊胚期到无节幼体期是主要的能源,多不饱和脂肪酸是从无节幼体期到溞状幼体期的主要能源．

The composition of fatty acids and lipid content during embryonic development of fresh prawn Macrobrachiurn rosenbergii were determined by biochemical methods. The results showed that content of total lipid decreased significantly during development. There was a similar tendency in neutral lipid content, while content of phospholipids nearly remained constant. Higher utilization of total lipid indicated that lipid in embryos of M. rosenbergii were used mainly as an energy source. The quantitatively most important farty acids were the saturates （SFA）： C14：0.C16 ： 0.C18 ： 0, the monounsaturates （MUFA）： C16 ： 2n-6.C18 ： 1n-9, the polyunsaturates （PUFA） comprise C18 ： 2n-6 .C20 ： 4n-6 （ARA） and n-3 high polyunsaturates （ω-3HUFA） C18：3n-3.C20：5n-3 （EPA） and C22：6n-3 （DHA）. C18：1 and C16：0 were main energy resources during embryonic development of Macrobrachiurn rosenbergii. Different farty acids acted as main energy source during different embryonic stages. The saturates and the monounsaturates were main energy source from fertilized egg stage to gastrula stage. The monounsaturates were main energy source from blastula stage to egg metanauplius stage and so did the polyunsaturates from nauplius stage to zoea stage.