试论行政契约中行政主体的意思表示

Administrative Subjects' Intention Expressing in Administrative Contract

在依法行政、服务行政和参与型行政的背景下,以契约手段达成行政目的已成为我国实现行政方式转变的重要手段。近些年来,我国法学界虽然在理论上认可了行政契约的存在,并开始对行政契约进行研究,实践中行政主体也大量运用缔结行政契约的方式解决现实问题,但学界对于行政契约的研究仍处于起步阶段,特别是关于行政主体在行政契约中意思表示等方面的研究尚处于空白,立法上亦缺少专门的规定。实际上,行政主体在行政契约中处于相对主动的地位,在行政契约的缔结、履行等环节中,行政主体不是机械的法律执行者,而是存在着独立的意思表示,并在相当范围内享有意思表示的自由空间,同时应当在平等的基础上与相对人互为意思表示。

In a context of administration of law, with service and by participation, administrative contract proves to be an important way to achieve administrative objectives. In recent years, the legal community in China has accepted the theory of administrative contract, and put it into study. Indeed, administrative subjects have solved problems with administrative contracts. But, generally speaking, the study of it is still on scratch, and such field as administrative subjects＇ intention expressing in administrative contract is still left blank, not to mention the related laws. Administrative subjects are virtually active in administrative contract. In contract establishment and performance, they are not rigid executors of law. They have their own intentions, and enjoy much freedom to express them to individuals on equal status.