2004年中国省级疾控中心食品检验质控考核结果与分析——酱油和饮料中常见防腐剂和甜味剂含量测定

Quality Control and Analysis for Antimicrobial Preservatives and Sweeteners in Soybean Sauce and Beverages in 2004

为了解中国省级疾控中心食品检验能力,食品安全行动计划监测和实验室能力建设工作组于2004年3月～4月采用盲样考核方式,组织中国31个省级疾病预防控制中心对酱油质控样品中常见防腐剂(苯甲酸、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯)和甜味剂(糖精钠、乙酰磺胺酸钾、阿斯巴甜、环己基氨基磺酸钠)和饮料质控样品中8个同样的指标进行了考核检验;对检验结果进行了分析,按照误差(检测值与均值之差的绝对值)在2倍标准差以内为满意结果,在2倍和3倍之间为可疑结果,在3倍之外及未报结果为不满意结果的原则进行评价。29个机构报送了结果,其中17个机构报送了全部8项检验结果。酱油检验8个指标结果均满意的单位占41.9%(1331),其中苯甲酸、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、糖精钠、乙酰磺胺酸钾、阿斯巴甜、环己基氨基磺酸钠单个指标满意结果的百分率分别为83.9%、87.1%、64.5%、64.5%、77.4%、61.3%、61.3%、71.0%。饮料检验8个指标结果均满意的占45.2%(1431)。其中苯甲酸、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、糖精钠、乙酰磺胺酸钾、阿斯巴甜、环己基氨基磺酸钠单个项目满意结果的百分率分别为83.9%、80.6%、54.8%、54.8%、83.9%、71.0%、58.1%、74.2%。检验机构应积极利用实验室间比对平台,及时认真地对待不满意或可疑结果,查找原因,保证数据的准确性。

In order to find out the test ability of center for disease control and provention （CDC） at the provincial level in China, blind samples of soybean sauce and beverages were analyzed for 4 antimicrobial preservatives （benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate and propylparaben） and 4 sweeteners （sodium saccharin, potassium acesulfame, aspartame and sodium cyclamate） by 31 CDC at the provincial level in March to April in 2004. The data was regarded as satisfying when the errors were within 2 standard deviations. The results indicated that 1 ） 29 out of 31 CDC submited the test data; 2） the labs which all 8 items for soybean sauce fallen into satisfying were 13 （41.9%, 13/31 ）, while the satisfying rate for benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, propylparaben, saccharin sodium, potassium acesulfame, aspartame and sodium cyclamate were 83.9%, 61.3%, 87.1%, 64.5%, 64.5%, 77.4%, 61.3% and 71.0%, respectively; 3） the labs which all 8 items for beverages were satisfying were 14 （45.2%, 14/31 ）, the satisfying rate of data for benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, propylparaben, saccharin sodium, potassium acesulfame, aspartame and sodium cyclamate were 83.9%, 80.6%, 54.8%, 54.8%, 83.9%, 71.0%, 58.1% and 74.2%, separately. The results suggest that the lab should actively utilize the platform for inter-lab comparison in order to ensure the accuracy of testdata.